What is it?
Ecstasy
is a ‘synthetic psychoactive drug’ (it’s man-made).
It’s official name is 3,4
MethyleneDioxyMethAmphetamine
or MDMA for short. Ecstasy comes in tablet form and is usually swallowed.
Very rare, but it can be crushed and snorted, injected or smoked.
Tablets come in different shapes and sizes and sometimes with logos,
which regularly change.
A
According to an
EMCDDA-Europol 2009 Report 'Data from different sources highlight
a marked increase of 'Ecstasy' tablets containing
mCPP while the availability of MDMA on the market seems to be
decreasing.' Which follows the adage that you have no way of telling
what is in the tablet or powder you have bought. Some may contain
other stimulant drugs with an effect the user may not be expecting.
Why
do people use it?
Ecstasy is most commonly used
at clubs, parties and raves. Users feel wide awake, alert and in
tune with the music and their surroundings. It gives a feeling of
enhanced empathy towards others. Senses, emotions and colours seem
more intense. Effects usually last anything from 4-6 hours.
What happens when the effects
wear off?
MDMA causes a
massive release of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is thought to
play an important role in regulating your mood, hunger, sleep,
aggression and sexual activity. Whilst the initial rush of serotonin
leads to the good feelings it leaves the brain depleted of serotonin
which leads to a miserable hangover the next day. Users can feel
down for a few days afterwards. It is important to remember that
drugs like Ecstasy and amphetamine-like drugs do not give you energy
for free. It takes it from the body's existing store and that has to
be paid back. Rest, nutritious food, fluid intake and more rest will
be needed to refuel. If the feelings of depression are not lifting -
see your GP as soon as possible.
Is it addictive?
Physically - no. Psychologically -
highly possible, and we have come across those who are. For some
people going out is not the same without having pills / E. To them
it's part of the evening. Gradually it can creep up and suddenly
they can't possibly have a good time without it. For others, the
feelings of depression, tiredness and irritability felt for the next
few days after use may be too much and the further use of ecstasy to
bring them 'up' again can lead to a cycle that they find is
difficult to get off.
How dangerous is it really?
Firstly a tablet looks like most others and you will never know
what you’re buying is actually MDMA (Ecstasy), it could
contain stronger or small amounts of MDMA or relative chemicals such
as MDEA, MDA. It could contain other drugs plus varying amounts of MDMA,
or no MDMA at all. It could contain drugs such as amphetamine or ketamine, which can lead to a
very unpleasant experience. Or you could be buying someone's
prescription or over the counter medication.
According to an
EMCDDA-Europol 2009 Report 'Data from different sources
highlight a marked increase of 'Ecstasy' tablets containing
mCPP while the availability of MDMA on the market seems to be
decreasing.' Which follows the adage that you have no way of telling
what is in the tablet or powder you have bought. Some may contain
other stimulant drugs with an effect the user may not be expecting.
Ecstasy related deaths.
There have been around 200+ to
date since 1989. Whilst some people may have had an allergic
reaction, causes of death tend to be attributed to three categories.
1. Heatstroke /
Dehydration
As we know, taking
Ecstasy increases your temperature and you have lots of energy.
Combine this with lots of dancing in a hot, sweaty and sometimes
overcrowded venue and it can lead to dehydration through sweating.
Death can be
caused by respiratory collapse resulting from what is called
'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation' (DIC). Ecstasy reacts with
the chemicals that control the bodies blood-clotting system meaning
that blood coagulates where it shouldn't, for instance in the lungs.
Due to this, air cannot get through and the person dies. Also, if
the store of blood clotting agent has been used up in inappropriate
sites, then blood no longer clots where it should. There is then a
risk of haemorrhaging from all the internal lesions that the human
body would normally cope with.
Dehydration can
be avoided by taking regular breaks from dancing, chill out, sip 1
pint of water or an isotonic drink over an hour. See what to do in
case of dehydration/heatstroke below.
2. DRINKING TOO MUCH
FLUID
Most people know
to drink small amounts regularly to keep their bodies hydrated.
Unfortunately, there is a mistaken belief by some that drinking
loads will either flush E out of the system quicker or it will
offset some unpleasant side effects of the drug. Drinking too much
can lead to what is called 'dilutional hyponaetremia'. It doesn't
necessarily mean that users drank too much, but their bodies may not
have been able to get rid of it effectively.
Ecstasy appears to
affect the way the kidneys work by inappropriately secreting an
anti-diuretic hormone which prevents the excretion of fluids. Water
is then retained in the body, and if we think that our brains are
mostly made of water, the increased pressure of more fluid leads to
the shutting down of important body functions such as breathing and
heartbeat.
Symptoms include
dizziness, disorientation and coma. If you are in any way worried
about your self or your friend, the best advice is ring an ambulance
as soon as possible.
3. HEART FAILURE
Ecstasy causes a rise
in blood pressure and heart rate. If you already have a heart
condition, high blood pressure or past heart problems it's best to
stay away from Ecstasy and other stimulant type drugs. A few people
have died from a result of undiagnosed heart problems and there is
also the issue of the effects on the heart of mixing E with other
amphetamine type drugs and stimulants like cocaine. The risk is
there.
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